Elemental Composition of Particulate Matter in South-Asian Megacity (Faisalabad-Pakistan): Seasonal Behaviors, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment

Alvi, Muhammad Usman; Mahmud, Tariq; Kistler, Magdalena; Kasper-Giebl, Anne; Shahid, Imran; Alam, Khan; Chishtie, Farrukh; Mitu, Liviu

Muhammad Usman Alvi, Tariq Mahmud, Magdalena Kistler, Anne Kasper-Giebl, Imran Shahid, Khan Alam, Farrukh Chishtie, Liviu Mitu

Elemental Composition of Particulate Matter in South-Asian Megacity (Faisalabad-Pakistan): Seasonal Behaviors, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment

Abstract:

The composition of atmospheric aerosols can help to identify pollution sources, particulate transportation and possible impacts on human health. In this study, seasonal variations and sources of elemental contents in PM10 from Faisalabad area were investigated. In total 117 samples were collected on 24 hours basis from September 2015 to December 2016. The selected trace elements, viz., Al, Ba, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Pb, S and Zn were measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The average PM10 concentration was found to be 744 ± 392 μg m-3, exceeding the limits proposed by Pak-EPA (150 μg m-3), US-EPA (150 μg m-3) and WHO (50 μg m-3). On average concentration basis, the elements were in the order of Ca ] Al ] S ] Fe ] K ] Mg ] Zn ] Na ] Pb ] P ] Mn ] Ba. The elements apparently emitted from natural sources were dominant in spring and summer seasons, while those emitted from anthropogenic inputs were more prominent in winter and autumn seasons. A correlation analysis revealed that pairs of elements originated from common sources were suspended in the ambient air. The enrichment factors (EFs), principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) indicated wind-blown dust, biomass burning, fossil fuel combustion and vehicular exhaust/non-exhaust emissions as major sources. A health risk caused by non-carcinogenic trace elements such as Pb, Zn and Mn was also assessed according to the method specified by US-EPA.

Keywords:
air quality; enrichment factors; trace elements; seasonal variations; multivariate analysis

Issue: 2020, Volume 71, Issue 2

Pages: 288-301

Publication date: 2020/3/3

https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.20.2.7928

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This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Citation Styles

Cite this article as:
ALVI, M.U., MAHMUD, T., KISTLER, M., KASPER-GIEBL, A., SHAHID, I., ALAM, K., CHISHTIE, F., MITU, L., Elemental Composition of Particulate Matter in South-Asian Megacity (Faisalabad-Pakistan): Seasonal Behaviors, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment, Rev. Chim., 71(2), 2020, 288-301.

Vancouver
Alvi MU, Mahmud T, Kistler M, Kasper-Giebl A, Shahid I, Alam K, Chishtie F, Mitu L. Elemental Composition of Particulate Matter in South-Asian Megacity (Faisalabad-Pakistan): Seasonal Behaviors, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment. Rev. Chim.[internet]. 2020 Feb;71(2):288-301. Available from: https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.20.2.7928

APA 6th edition
Alvi, M.U., Mahmud, T., Kistler, M., Kasper-Giebl, A., Shahid, I., Alam, K., Chishtie, F. & Mitu, L. (2020). Elemental Composition of Particulate Matter in South-Asian Megacity (Faisalabad-Pakistan): Seasonal Behaviors, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment. Revista de Chimie, 71(2), 288-301. https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.20.2.7928

Harvard
Alvi, M.U., Mahmud, T., Kistler, M., Kasper-Giebl, A., Shahid, I., Alam, K., Chishtie, F., Mitu, L. (2020). 'Elemental Composition of Particulate Matter in South-Asian Megacity (Faisalabad-Pakistan): Seasonal Behaviors, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment', Revista de Chimie, 71(2), pp. 288-301. https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.20.2.7928

IEEE
M.U. Alvi, T. Mahmud, M. Kistler, A. Kasper-Giebl, I. Shahid, K. Alam, F. Chishtie, L. Mitu, "Elemental Composition of Particulate Matter in South-Asian Megacity (Faisalabad-Pakistan): Seasonal Behaviors, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment". Revista de Chimie, vol. 71, no. 2, pp. 288-301, 2020. [online]. https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.20.2.7928

Text
Muhammad Usman Alvi, Tariq Mahmud, Magdalena Kistler, Anne Kasper-Giebl, Imran Shahid, Khan Alam, Farrukh Chishtie, Liviu Mitu,
Elemental Composition of Particulate Matter in South-Asian Megacity (Faisalabad-Pakistan): Seasonal Behaviors, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment,
Revista de Chimie,
Volume 71, Issue 2,
2020,
Pages 288-301,
ISSN 2668-8212,
https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.20.2.7928.
(https://revistadechimie.ro/Articles.asp?ID=7928)
Keywords: air quality; enrichment factors; trace elements; seasonal variations; multivariate analysis

RIS
TY - JOUR
T1 - Elemental Composition of Particulate Matter in South-Asian Megacity (Faisalabad-Pakistan): Seasonal Behaviors, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment
A1 - Alvi, Muhammad Usman
A2 - Mahmud, Tariq
A3 - Kistler, Magdalena
A4 - Kasper-Giebl, Anne
A5 - Shahid, Imran
A6 - Alam, Khan
A7 - Chishtie, Farrukh
A8 - Mitu, Liviu
JF - Revista de Chimie
JO - Rev. Chim.
PB - Revista de Chimie SRL
SN - 2668-8212
Y1 - 2020
VL - 71
IS - 2
SP - 288
EP - 301
UR - https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.20.2.7928
KW - air quality
KW - enrichment factors
KW - trace elements
KW - seasonal variations
KW - multivariate analysis
ER -

BibTex
@article{RevCh2020P288,
author = {Alvi Muhammad Usman and Mahmud Tariq and Kistler Magdalena and Kasper-Giebl Anne and Shahid Imran and Alam Khan and Chishtie Farrukh and Mitu Liviu},
title = {Elemental Composition of Particulate Matter in South-Asian Megacity (Faisalabad-Pakistan): Seasonal Behaviors, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment},
journal = {Revista de Chimie},
volume = {71},
number = {2},
pages = {288-301},
year = {2020},
issn = {2668-8212},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.20.2.7928},
url = {https://revistadechimie.ro/Articles.asp?ID=7928}
}

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